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Tarrasch rule
The Tarrasch rule is a general principle that applies in the majority of chess middlegames and endgames. Siegbert Tarrasch (1862–1934) stated the "rule" that rooks should be placed behind passed pawns – either yours or your opponent's. The idea behind the guideline is that (1) if a player's rook is behind his passed pawn, the rook protects it as it advances, and (2) if it is behind an opponent's passed pawn, the pawn cannot advance unless it is protected along its way.
The original quote, from page 57 of his book ''The Game of Chess'' (1938) is "In complicated Rook endings the most important rule is one laid down by the author: The Rook's place is behind the passed pawn; behind the enemy pawn in order to hold it up, behind one's own in order to support its advance."〔(Book source )〕
This "rule" is usually true, but not always, as there are many exceptions. Tarrasch has been quoted as saying, ''"Always put the rook behind the pawn.... Except when it is incorrect to do so."'' .
==Reasons==
The advance of the passed pawn lengthens the range of a rook behind and reduces the range of a rook in front. A rook escorting a pawn from ahead must move off, potentially leaving the pawn undefended, if it is to promote. A rook behind an enemy passed pawn can more readily generate counterplay.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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